Concessões aeroportuárias em Fortaleza, Recife e São Gonçalo do Amarante: estrutura contratual, desempenho e implicações regulatórias

• Nakita Naiades Nascimento de Souza
• Gustavo Viana de Sousa Barbosa
• Viviane Adriano Falcão

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Event

XXII SITRAER – Brasília, DF, Brasil, October 22–24, 2025

Volume

Anais do XXII Simpósio de Transporte Aéreo – SITRAER 2025 · ISBN 978-65-272-2024-4 · DOI 10.29327/9786527220244

Publisher

Even3 Publicações

Editors

Fabiana Serra de Arruda, Camila Lucena, Giovanna Miceli Ronzani Borille, Evandro José da Silva

Resumo

This article presents a comparative analysis of airport concessions in Brazil, focusing on the contractual structure, operational performance, and regulatory implications in three case studies: Fortaleza (FOR), Recife (REC), and São Gonçalo do Amarante (NAT). The objective is to examine how distinct governance arrangements and contractual instruments influence the efficiency and resilience of airport operations, particularly under conditions of institutional uncertainty and external shocks. Based on document analysis, sectoral reports, and academic literature, the study explores variations in regulatory design across different concession rounds, including the presence of incentive clauses, mechanisms for contractual rebalancing, and monitoring procedures. The findings reveal that contracts with greater normative density and adaptive safeguards, such as those implemented in Recife and Fortaleza, tend to deliver more consistent operational results, even during periods of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, the case of São Gonçalo do Amarante illustrates the risks associated with rigid contracts, poor risk allocation, and limited institutional responsiveness. The study highlights the challenges posed by block concessions, where performance assessment becomes complex due to internal cross-subsidization. Drawing on the comparative evidence, the article offers recommendations for improving regulatory frameworks, including periodic review clauses, robust risk matrices, and more agile and transparent procedures for economic rebalancing. The results contribute to the literature on infrastructure governance in emerging economies and provide inputs for refining public policy in the context of Brazilian airport concessions.

Palavras-chave: Airport concessions; Regulatory governance; Contractual performance; Public-private partnerships; Brazil