Análise da cobertura da aviação regular no Brasil: aeroportos atendidos de 2005 a 2019

• Victor Hugo Barroso Barbosa
• Viviane Adriano Falcão

Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Evento

XXI SITRAER – Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, 2024

Volume

Anais do XXI Simpósio de Transporte Aéreo – SITRAER 2024 · ISBN 978-65-272-1008-5 · DOI 10.29327/xxi-sitraer-2024

Páginas

39–47

Editora

Even3 Publicações

Editores

Francisco Heber Lacerda de Oliveira, Fabiano Rocha, Giovanna Miceli Ronzani Borille, Evandro José da Silva, Mauro Caetano

Resumo

Brazil has three ideal conditions for the development of air transport: large territorial extension, large population and huge domestic demand. Currently, only Brazil, China and United States of America present Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over US$ 1 trillion, territorial area over 5 million squared kilometers and population over 200 million inhabitants. Despite that potential, the average Brazilian flies as little as 0.5 time a year, which is considered low compared to the same number in the US (2.5) and China (1.5). Therefore, there is an enormous potential for air transport in Brazil, especially in terms of regional aviation. In the fifties about 350 municipalities were covered by commercial aviation routes. Currently, that number do not reach 130 in a country with 8.5 million squared kilometers and 5,500 municipalities, despite efforts of Federal Government such as the release of the Regional Air Transport Integrated System in the seventies and the Regional Aviation Development Program in 2015. In this contradictory context, this paper aims to identify the socioeconomic and operational variables that cause the variation of the number of airports served by regular commercial aviation. This paper presents a panel data regression model based on secondary information collected from National Civil Aviation Agency and other agencies to explain the number of airports as the dependent variable, for every federal state from 2005 to 2019. The model indicates that population, territorial area, population density, passengers embarked and the time are the most significant variables for explaining the number of airports in each federal state of Brazil.

Palavras-chave: Regional aviation; Airports; Econometrics; Data-panel regression model